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155 lines
6.9 KiB
HTML
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<title>Smack: Getting Started - Jive Software</title>
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<div class="header">
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Smack: Getting Started
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</div>
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<div class="nav">
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« <a href="index.html">Table of Contents</a>
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</div>
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<p>
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This document will introduce you to the Smack API and provide an overview of
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important classes and concepts.
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</p>
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<p class="subheader">
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JAR Files and Requirements
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</p>
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Smack is meant to be easily embedded into any existing JDK 1.5 or later Java application.
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It has no external dependencies (except for the Jingle voice chat functionality) and is optimized
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to be as small as possible. The library ships as several JAR files to provide more flexibility
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over which features applications require:
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<ul>
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<li><tt>smack-core.jar</tt> -- provides core XMPP functionality and is the only <b>required</b>
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library. All XMPP features that are part of the XMPP RFCs are included.</li>
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<li><tt>smack-extensions.jar</tt> -- support for many of the extensions (XEPs) defined
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by the XMPP Standards Foundation, including multi-user chat, file transfer, user search, etc.
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The extensions are documented in the <a href="extensions/index.html">extensions manual</a>.</li>
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<li><tt>smack-experimental.jar</tt> -- support for experimental extensions (XEPs) defined
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by the XMPP Standards Foundation. The API and functionality of those extensions should be
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considered as unstable.</li>
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<li><tt>smack-legacy.jar</tt> -- support for legacy extensions (XEPs) defined
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by the XMPP Standards Foundation.</li>
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<li><tt>smack-bosh.jar</tt> -- support for BOSH (XEP-0124). This code should be considered
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as beta.</li>
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<li><tt>smack-jingle.jar</tt> -- support for Jingle. This code is old and currenlty
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unmaintained.</li>
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<li><tt>smack-resolver-dnsjava.jar</tt> -- support for resolving DNS SRV records with the
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help of dnsjava. Ideal for platforms that do not support the javax.naming API.</li>
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<li><tt>smack-resolver-javax.jar</tt> -- support for resolving DNS SRV records with the
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javax namespace API.</li>
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<li><tt>smack-debug.jar</tt> -- an enhanced GUI debugger for protocol traffic. It will
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automatically be used when found in the classpath and when <a href="debugging.html">debugging</a>
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is enabled.</li>
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</ul>
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<p class="subheader">Configuration</p>
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Smack has an initialization process that involves 2 phases.
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<ul>
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<li>Initializing system properties - Initializing all the system properties accessible through the class
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<b>SmackConfiguration</b>. These properties are retrieve by the <i>getXXX</i> methods on that class.
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<li>Initializing startup classes - Initializing any classes meant to be active at startup by instantiating
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the class, and then calling the <i>initialize</i> method on that class if it extends <b>SmackInitializer</b>.
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If it does not extend this interface, then initialization will have to take place in a static block of code
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which is automatically executed when the class is loaded.
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</ul>
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<p>
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Initialization is accomplished via a configuration file. By default,
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Smack will load the one embedded in the Smack jar
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at <i>org.jivesoftware.smack/smack-config.xml</i>. This particular
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configuration contains a list of initializer classes to load. All
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manager type classes that need to be initialized are contained in this
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list of initializers.
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</p>
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<p class="subheader">
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Establishing a Connection
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</p>
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The classes subclassing <tt>AbstractXMPPConnection</tt> are used to
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create a connection to an XMPP server. Below are code examples for
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making a connection:<p>
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<div class="code">
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<pre>
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<font color="gray"><i>// Create a connection to the jabber.org server.</i></font>
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AbstractXMPPConnection conn1 = <font color="navy"><b>new</b></font> XMPPTCPConnection(<font color="green">"jabber.org"</font>);
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conn1.connect();
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<font color="gray"><i>// Create a connection to the jabber.org server on a specific port.</i></font>
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ConnectionConfiguration config = new ConnectionConfiguration(<font color="green">"jabber.org"</font>, 5222);
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AbstractXMPPConnection conn2 = <font color="navy"><b>new</b></font> XMPPTCPConnection(config);
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conn2.connect();
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</pre></div>
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<p>Note that maximum security will be used when connecting to the server by default (and when possible),
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including use of TLS encryption. The ConnectionConfiguration class provides advanced control
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over the connection created, such as the ability to disable or require encryption. See
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<a href="connections.html">XMPPConnection Management</a> for full details.</p>
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<p>Once you've created a connection, you should login using a username and password
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with the <tt>AbstractXMPPConnection.login(String username, String password)</tt> method.
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Once you've logged in, you can being chatting with other users by creating
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new <tt>Chat</tt> or <tt>GroupChat</tt> objects.
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<p class="subheader">
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Working with the Roster
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</p>
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The roster lets you keep track of the availability (presence) of other users. Users
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can be organized into groups such as "Friends" and "Co-workers", and then you
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discover whether each user is online or offline.<p>
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Retrieve the roster using the <tt>XMPPConnection.getRoster()</tt> method. The roster
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class allows you to find all the roster entries, the groups they belong to, and the
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current presence status of each entry.
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<p class="subheader">
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Reading and Writing Packets
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</p>
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Each message to the XMPP server from a client is called a packet and is
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sent as XML. The <tt>org.jivesoftware.smack.packet</tt> package contains
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classes that encapsulate the three different basic packet types allowed by
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XMPP (message, presence, and IQ). Classes such as <tt>Chat</tt> and <tt>GroupChat</tt>
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provide higher-level constructs that manage creating and sending packets
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automatically, but you can also create and send packets directly. Below
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is a code example for changing your presence to let people know you're unavailable
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and "out fishing":<p>
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<div class="code">
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<pre>
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<font color="gray"><i>// Create a new presence. Pass in false to indicate we're unavailable.</i></font>
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Presence presence = new Presence(Presence.Type.unavailable);
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presence.setStatus(<font color="green">"Gone fishing"</font>);
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<font color="gray"><i>// Send the packet (assume we have a AbstractXMPPConnection instance called "con").</i></font>
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con.sendPacket(presence);
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</pre></div>
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<p>
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Smack provides two ways to read incoming packets: <tt>PacketListener</tt>, and
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<tt>PacketCollector</tt>. Both use <tt>PacketFilter</tt> instances to determine
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which packets should be processed. A packet listener is used for event style programming,
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while a packet collector has a result queue of packets that you can do
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polling and blocking operations on. So, a packet listener is useful when
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you want to take some action whenever a packet happens to come in, while a
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packet collector is useful when you want to wait for a specific packet
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to arrive. Packet collectors and listeners can be created using an
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Connection instance.
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<p><div class="footer">
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Copyright © Jive Software 2002-2008
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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