diff --git a/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/OXInstantMessagingManager.java b/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/OXInstantMessagingManager.java
index 954a452f1..e33793af0 100644
--- a/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/OXInstantMessagingManager.java
+++ b/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/OXInstantMessagingManager.java
@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@
  */
 package org.jivesoftware.smackx.ox;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.WeakHashMap;
@@ -25,10 +28,15 @@ import org.jivesoftware.smack.Manager;
 import org.jivesoftware.smack.SmackException;
 import org.jivesoftware.smack.XMPPConnection;
 import org.jivesoftware.smack.XMPPException;
+import org.jivesoftware.smack.packet.ExtensionElement;
 import org.jivesoftware.smack.packet.Message;
 import org.jivesoftware.smackx.disco.ServiceDiscoveryManager;
+import org.jivesoftware.smackx.eme.element.ExplicitMessageEncryptionElement;
+import org.jivesoftware.smackx.hints.element.StoreHint;
 import org.jivesoftware.smackx.ox.chat.OpenPgpContact;
 import org.jivesoftware.smackx.ox.element.SigncryptElement;
+import org.jivesoftware.smackx.ox.exception.MissingOpenPgpKeyPairException;
+import org.jivesoftware.smackx.ox.exception.SmackOpenPgpException;
 import org.jivesoftware.smackx.ox.listener.OxMessageListener;
 import org.jivesoftware.smackx.ox.listener.internal.SigncryptElementReceivedListener;
 
@@ -116,4 +124,20 @@ public final class OXInstantMessagingManager extends Manager implements Signcryp
             listener.newIncomingOxMessage(contact, originalMessage, signcryptElement);
         }
     }
+
+    public void sendOxMessage(OpenPgpContact contact, CharSequence body)
+            throws InterruptedException, MissingOpenPgpKeyPairException, IOException,
+            SmackException.NotConnectedException, SmackOpenPgpException {
+        Message message = new Message(contact.getJid());
+        List<ExtensionElement> payload = new ArrayList<>();
+        payload.add(new Message.Body(null, body.toString()));
+
+        // Add additional information to the message
+        message.addExtension(new ExplicitMessageEncryptionElement(
+                ExplicitMessageEncryptionElement.ExplicitMessageEncryptionProtocol.openpgpV0));
+        StoreHint.set(message);
+        message.setBody("This message is encrypted using XEP-0374: OpenPGP for XMPP: Instant Messaging.");
+
+        contact.send(connection(), message, payload);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/OpenPgpManager.java b/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/OpenPgpManager.java
index 7207f6f65..817657fa0 100644
--- a/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/OpenPgpManager.java
+++ b/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/OpenPgpManager.java
@@ -413,34 +413,46 @@ public final class OpenPgpManager extends Manager {
                         PayloadItem<?> payload = (PayloadItem) items.getItems().get(0);
                         PublicKeysListElement listElement = (PublicKeysListElement) payload.getPayload();
 
-                        Map<OpenPgpV4Fingerprint, Date> announcedKeys = new HashMap<>();
-                        for (OpenPgpV4Fingerprint f : listElement.getMetadata().keySet()) {
-                            PublicKeysListElement.PubkeyMetadataElement meta = listElement.getMetadata().get(f);
-                            announcedKeys.put(meta.getV4Fingerprint(), meta.getDate());
-                        }
-
-                        provider.getStore().setAnnouncedKeysFingerprints(contact, announcedKeys);
-
-                        Set<OpenPgpV4Fingerprint> missingKeys = listElement.getMetadata().keySet();
-                        try {
-                            missingKeys.removeAll(provider.getStore().getAvailableKeysFingerprints(contact).keySet());
-                            for (OpenPgpV4Fingerprint missing : missingKeys) {
-                                try {
-                                    PubkeyElement pubkeyElement = fetchPubkey(connection(), contact, missing);
-                                    processPublicKey(pubkeyElement, contact);
-                                } catch (Exception e) {
-                                    LOGGER.log(Level.WARNING, "Error fetching missing OpenPGP key " + missing.toString(), e);
-                                }
-                            }
-                        } catch (Exception e) {
-                            LOGGER.log(Level.WARNING, "Error processing OpenPGP metadata update from " + contact + ".", e);
-                        }
+                        processPublicKeysListElement(from, listElement);
                     }
                 }, "ProcessOXMetadata");
             }
         }
     };
 
+    public void requestMetadataUpdate(BareJid contact)
+            throws InterruptedException, PubSubException.NotALeafNodeException, SmackException.NoResponseException,
+            SmackException.NotConnectedException, XMPPException.XMPPErrorException,
+            PubSubException.NotAPubSubNodeException {
+        PublicKeysListElement metadata = PubSubDelegate.fetchPubkeysList(connection(), contact);
+        processPublicKeysListElement(contact, metadata);
+    }
+
+    private void processPublicKeysListElement(BareJid contact, PublicKeysListElement listElement) {
+        Map<OpenPgpV4Fingerprint, Date> announcedKeys = new HashMap<>();
+        for (OpenPgpV4Fingerprint f : listElement.getMetadata().keySet()) {
+            PublicKeysListElement.PubkeyMetadataElement meta = listElement.getMetadata().get(f);
+            announcedKeys.put(meta.getV4Fingerprint(), meta.getDate());
+        }
+
+        provider.getStore().setAnnouncedKeysFingerprints(contact, announcedKeys);
+
+        Set<OpenPgpV4Fingerprint> missingKeys = listElement.getMetadata().keySet();
+        try {
+            missingKeys.removeAll(provider.getStore().getAvailableKeysFingerprints(contact).keySet());
+            for (OpenPgpV4Fingerprint missing : missingKeys) {
+                try {
+                    PubkeyElement pubkeyElement = fetchPubkey(connection(), contact, missing);
+                    processPublicKey(pubkeyElement, contact);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    LOGGER.log(Level.WARNING, "Error fetching missing OpenPGP key " + missing.toString(), e);
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            LOGGER.log(Level.WARNING, "Error processing OpenPGP metadata update from " + contact + ".", e);
+        }
+    }
+
     private final IncomingChatMessageListener incomingOpenPgpMessageListener =
             new IncomingChatMessageListener() {
                 @Override
diff --git a/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/chat/OpenPgpContact.java b/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/chat/OpenPgpContact.java
index 368136425..7c97b76b3 100644
--- a/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/chat/OpenPgpContact.java
+++ b/smack-openpgp/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/smackx/ox/chat/OpenPgpContact.java
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 package org.jivesoftware.smackx.ox.chat;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
@@ -138,23 +137,9 @@ public class OpenPgpContact {
         // Add encrypted payload to message
         message.addExtension(encryptedPayload);
 
-        // Add additional information to the message
-        message.addExtension(new ExplicitMessageEncryptionElement(
-                ExplicitMessageEncryptionElement.ExplicitMessageEncryptionProtocol.openpgpV0));
-        StoreHint.set(message);
-        message.setBody("This message is encrypted using XEP-0374: OpenPGP for XMPP: Instant Messaging.");
-
         ChatManager.getInstanceFor(connection).chatWith(getJid().asEntityBareJidIfPossible()).send(message);
     }
 
-    public void send(XMPPConnection connection, Message message, CharSequence body)
-            throws MissingOpenPgpKeyPairException, SmackException.NotConnectedException, InterruptedException,
-            SmackOpenPgpException, IOException {
-        List<ExtensionElement> payload = new ArrayList<>();
-        payload.add(new Message.Body(null, body.toString()));
-        send(connection, message, payload);
-    }
-
     public OpenPgpContentElement receive(OpenPgpElement element)
             throws XmlPullParserException, MissingOpenPgpKeyPairException, SmackOpenPgpException, IOException {
         byte[] decoded = Base64.decode(element.getEncryptedBase64MessageContent());