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96 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
96 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
Messaging using Chats
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=====================
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[Back](index.md)
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Sending messages back and forth is at the core of instant messaging. Although
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individual messages can be sent and received as packets, it's generally easier
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to treat the string of messages as a chat using the
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`org.jivesoftware.smack.Chat` class.
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Chat
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----
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A chat creates a new thread of messages (using a thread ID) between two users.
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The following code snippet demonstrates how to create a new Chat with a user
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and then send them a text message:
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```
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// Assume we've created an XMPPConnection name "connection"._
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ChatManager chatmanager = ChatManager.getInstanceFor(connection);
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Chat newChat = chatmanager.createChat("jsmith@jivesoftware.com", new MessageListener() {
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public void processMessage(Chat chat, Message message) {
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System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
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}
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});
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try {
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newChat.sendMessage("Howdy!");
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}
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catch (XMPPException e) {
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System.out.println("Error Delivering block");
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}
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```
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The `Chat.sendMessage(String)` method is a convenience method that creates a
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Message object, sets the body using the String parameter, then sends the
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message. In the case that you wish to set additional values on a Message
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before sending it, use the `Chat.createMessage()` and
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`Chat.sendMessage(Message)` methods, as in the following code snippet:
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```
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Message newMessage = new Message();
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newMessage.setBody("Howdy!");
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// Additional modifications to the message Stanza.
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JivePropertiesManager.addProperty(newMessage, "favoriteColor", "red");
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newChat.sendMessage(newMessage);
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```
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You'll also notice in the example above that we specified a MessageListener
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when creating a chat. The listener is notified any time a new message arrives
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from the other user in the chat. The following code snippet uses the listener
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as a parrot-bot -- it echoes back everything the other user types.
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```
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// Assume a MessageListener we've setup with a chat._
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public void processMessage(Chat chat, Message message) {
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// Send back the same text the other user sent us._
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chat.sendMessage(message.getBody());
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}
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```
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Incoming Chat
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-------------
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When chats are prompted by another user, the setup is slightly different since
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you are receiving a chat message first. Instead of explicitly creating a chat
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to send messages, you need to register to handle newly created Chat instances
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when the ChatManager creates them. The ChatManager will already find a
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matching chat (by thread id) and if none exists, then it will create a new one
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that does match. To get this new chat, you have to register to be notified
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when it happens. You can register a message listener to receive all future
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messages as part of this handler.
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```
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// Assume we've created an XMPPConnection name "connection"._
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ChatManager chatManager = ChatManager.getInstanceFor(connection);
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chatManager.addChatListener(
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new ChatManagerListener() {
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@Override
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public void chatCreated(Chat chat, boolean createdLocally)
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{
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if (!createdLocally)
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chat.addMessageListener(new MyNewMessageListener());;
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}
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});
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```
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In addition to thread based chat messages, there are some clients that do not
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send a thread id as part of the chat. To handle this scenario, Smack will
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attempt match the incoming messages to the best fit existing chat, based on
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the JID. It will attempt to find a chat with the same full JID, failing that,
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it will try the base JID. If no existing chat to the user can found, then a
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new one is created.
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Copyright (C) Jive Software 2002-2008
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